Increasing energy density
A key strategy to address heat stress in dairy cattle is adjusting the ration to increase energy density. One approach is to reduce the proportion of roughage in the diet and incorporate more compound feed or concentrates. Boosting the energy content of the diet can help offset the decrease in Dry Matter Intake (DMI) that often occurs during hot weather. Increasing the glucogenic energy content of the diet to over 185 grams per kilogram of DM can be beneficial. This adjustment aims to reduce heat production resulting from fermentation of fiber in the rumen.
It's important to note that reducing the amount of fiber in the diet may lead to an increase in protein fermentation, which can in turn raise heat production again. Additionally, feeding more concentrates can have adverse effects on rumen pH, potentially impacting the cow's digestive health. It's essential to strike the right balance in adjusting the diet to ensure optimal energy levels without compromising overall rumen health.
Maintain feed freshness
When feed sits in the bunk for extended periods, it can lose its freshness and become less appealing. Delivering fresh feed more frequently will ensure that the feed remains enticing, nutritious, and free from spoilage, thereby encouraging consistent feed intake. Take proactive measures to prevent the feed from heating up and deteriorating at the feeding fence due to microbial growth. It’s recommended to add substances like Selko-TMR, which inhibit the growth of molds, yeasts, and anaerobic bacteria. By doing so, you can maintain the freshness and quality of the feed, ensuring that your cows receive the nutrition they need without any negative effects.
Additionally, it's important to be aware that yeasts consuming the feed produce elevated levels of CO2. Cows are sensitive to these changes and can detect CO2, which may make them reluctant to eat. This reluctance can further reduce DMI, leading to potential decreases in milk production and overall health.
Slightly moisten calves’ dry feed
For calves, dry mouth may negatively impact appetite. Calf muesli, concentrated feed and straw can be moistened slightly to make chewing and swallowing easier. Do make sure to dispose of the leftover feed early so that it does not spoil.
